How should the CNC operating program start?

1. Analyze the parts

First of all, analyze the materials, shapes, size, accuracy, batches, rough shape and thermal treatment requirements of the parts in order to determine whether the part is suitable for processing on CNC machine tools, or which one is suitable Processing on CNC machine tools. At the same time, the content and requirements of processing must be clarified.

2. Craft processing

In the basis of analyzing parts, process analysis is performed to determine the processing method of the parts (such as the use of fixtures, fixture positioning methods, etc.), processing routes Craft parameters such as knife points, feed routes) and cutting amounts (such as the spindle speed, feed speed, and back eating knife volume, etc.). The analysis and processing of CNC processing process is the prerequisite and basis of CNC programming, and CNC programming is to program the content of the CNC processing process. When formulating CNC processing technology, you must choose the processing plan reasonably to determine the processing order, processing route, fixture method, tool and cutting parameters, etc.; At the same time, you must also consider the instruction function of the CNC machine tools used to give full play to the effectiveness of the machine tool; try to shorten the processing as much as possible.路线，正确地选择对刀点、换刀点，减少换刀次数，并使数值计算方便；合理选取起刀点、切入点和切入方式，保证切入过程平稳；避免刀具与非加工面的干涉， Ensure that the processing process is safe and reliable. Regarding the content of CNC processing technology, we will introduce in detail in Chapter 2 2.3 and 2.4.

3. Numerical calculation

Them size according to the geometric size of the part, the determined process route, and the set coordinate system, the trajectory of the thickness of the parts and the precision processing movement is calculated to obtain the knife data. For the outline of the simple -shape parts (such as parts composed of straight lines and arcs), the starting point, end point of the geometric element, the center of the arc, the intersection of the two geometric elements or the coordinate value of the two geometric elements should be calculated. The device has no tool compensation function, and the motion trajectory coordinate value of the tool center needs to be calculated. For parts with complicated shapes (such as composed of non -round curves and curves), you need to approach the straight line or arc segment, and calculate the node coordinate value according to the requirements of the processing accuracy. This numerical calculation is generally used to complete the computer to complete Essence We will introduce in detail about the content of numerical calculations.

4. Write the processing process order of processing process

This according to the processing route, cutting dosage, tool number, tool compensation amount, machine tool auxiliary action, and tool motion trajectory, according to the instruction code of the CNC system and the format of the program segment to write part processing processing parts processing The program list, and the contents of the two steps of the above two steps to correct the errors.

5. Make control medium

The content on the compiled program form is recorded on the control medium as the input information of the CNC device. Pour through the procedure handmade input or communication transfer to the CNC system.

6. Program verification and the first test cut

The program bills written and prepared control medium must be formally used by verification and testing. The verification method is to directly input the content on the control medium into the CNC system to allow the machine tool to run out to check whether the motion trajectory of the machine tool is correct. It is more convenient to test the method of cutting tools and workpiece cutting processes on CRT graphics. However, these methods can only test whether the motion is correct and the processing accuracy of the processing parts cannot be tested. Therefore, the first part of the part is required. When a processing error is found, the cause of the analysis error is found to find out the problem and correct it until it meets the requirements of the parts drawings.
The method of two CNC programming

Ness control programming is generally divided into two types: manual programming and automatic programming.

1. Manual programming

Themmed programming is to be manually completed from analyzing parts pattern, determining processing process process, numerical calculation, writing part processing program bills, and making control medium to programming. It requires programmers not only to be familiar with CNC instructions and programming rules, but also have the knowledge and numerical computing capabilities of CNC processing process. For parts with simple processing shapes, small calculation quantities, and small number of procedures, it is easier to use manual programming, and it is economical and timely. Therefore, in the contour processing of point processing or straight lines and arcs, manual programming is still widely used. For complicated parts, especially parts with non -round curves, list curves, and curves, it is difficult to use manual programming. The probability of errors increases. Sometimes it is impossible to compile programs. You must use automatic programming methods to prepare procedures. Essence

2. Automatic programming

The automatic programming uses computer -specific software to prepare CNC processing procedures. Programming personnel only need to use the CNC language to automatically calculate and rear processing by the computer according to the requirements of the parts pattern. The component processing program is written. The processing program is sent to the CNC machine tool through direct communication to command the machine tool. Automatic programming enables some procedures that are tedious, hand -programmed or unable to compile.

Summary:

This This chapter mainly describes the generation and development of CNC equipment, processing principles of CNC machine tools, CNC processing characteristics and applications, and the basic knowledge of CNC programming. Readers are required to understand the process and development of CNC equipment, the composition of CNC machine tools, the basic functions of each part, and the processing characteristics of the CNC machine tools. Master the main content and steps of CNC programming, and choose the appropriate processing method according to the shape of the parts and the production cycle.