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wholesale factory jewelry The rarity of gold makes gold very precious, and the stability of gold makes gold be easy to save. Therefore, gold not only becomes human material wealth, but also an important means for human storage wealth. Therefore, gold has been particularly favored by human beings.
Golden historians Green pointed out: "The civilization of ancient Egypt and ancient Rome was planted by gold." Pulling more gold is the driving force of ancient Egypt and the ancient Roman rulers.
From 2000 BC to 1849 BC, the rulers of ancient Egyptian rulers successively conducted four plunder war on Nubia (a small country upstream of the Nile River), occupying all Nubia gold mine. From 1525 BC to 1465 BC, the Eighteenth Egyptian King of the Egyptian Dynasty launched two wars, plundering a large number of gold and silver from Palestine and Syria. A large amount of gold and silver flow into Egypt, greatly increased Egyptian wealth, so that they have the ability to build large water conservancy projects, develop agriculture, build luxury palaces and cemeteries, and leave huge Amon Temple relics and pyramids for humans. The golden coffin in the tomb of Tutanhamon is 110 kilograms.
In AD, the ancient Egypt was occupied by the Roman Empire in the 47th BC. When the Roman Emperor Caesar triumphant Rome, Roman showed 2822 golden crowns plundered from Egypt. Each golden crown weighed 8 kg, totaling 22.58 tons; Essence The gold and silver of the parade weighed 65,000 Tarant, about 1950 tons. The accumulation of gold and silver has greatly increased the national strength of the Roman Empire, making them capable of building a group of magnificent buildings. Although most of these buildings are now broken walls, they still have a profound impact on human beings in terms of literature, history, law, and philosophy.
Gold is also the material foundation of modern industrial civilization.
The development of new routes in the 16th century and the discovery of the New World have had a huge impact on European economic life. Among them, the gold and silver of the Americas, Africa and silver flowed into Europe, increasing the original accumulation of European capitalism. In the 16th century, Portugal plundered 276 tons of gold from Africa; more gold and silver plundered from the Americas in Spain, and Spain controlled 83%of the world's gold mining volume at the end of the 16th century. The large flow of gold and silver has caused the rise in European prices, and the first price revolution has appeared, which has played a huge role in promoting the disintegration of European feudalism and the establishment of capitalist production relations. In order to fight Spain in the 17th century, Portugal established an alliance with the United Kingdom and opened the market to the British industrial products. At this time, the climax of Brazil's gold development under the control of Portugal was rising, and Brazil's gold was likely to be transformed into capital, and Portugal completed the industrial revolution. However, due to the ruler's feudal autocracy, Portugal became a golden funnel, and most of the gold flowed to the UK. There are 600 tons of gold that flows into the British Treasury. In addition to the inflows of other countries, Britain has quickly accumulated huge amounts of currency capital, and took the lead in implementing the gold standard system in 1717, providing a reliable economic guarantee for the British financial system Essence Therefore, the second price revolution that occurred at this time not only did not affect the financial industry in the UK, but created conditions for the exports of British products. The export volume of British products accounted for 1/4 of the world's total. The industrial revolution finally happened in the UK.
The characters played by contemporary gold have changed, but countries still reserve about 31,000 tons of gold wealth to prepare unexpected needs; more than 20,000 tons of gold are private investment wealth. Therefore, some people think that about 40 % of the approximately 140,000 tons of gold produced by human beings are currently as financial assets, existing in the financial field, and about 60 % of them are general products. The main function is to consume.
The currency attributes of gold
The history of gold as the currency is very long. The unearthed ancient Roman Yari Mountain Gold Coins have been more than 2,300 years ago, and the Persian gold coins have a history of more than 2,500 years. The earliest gold coins in China were the "love" cast by Chu during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and it has a history of more than 2,300 years since it. However, these gold coins are only auxiliary currency used within a certain range and area. Gold has become a world -recognized international currency during the "golden -based" period that appeared in the nineteenth century. "Golden System" means that gold can be used as a means of domestic payment and used for circulation settlement; international hard currency can be used as a foreign trade settlement. Although Britain first implemented the Golden System as early as 1717, it was not officially determined by the system until 1816. After that, Germany, Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, the United States, France, Russia, and Japan successively announced the implementation of the gold standard. The golden standard is the peak of the performance of gold currency attributes. For more than 200 years, the elderly in the world has implemented the Golden Latest. For decades, China has not implemented the gold standard system. Later, due to the outbreak of the world war, all countries have undergone gold control, and the golden standard system is difficult to maintain. On the eve of the end of World War II, under the leadership of the United States, a Bretton Forest Conference was held to adopt relevant resolutions to decide to establish an international currency system centered on the US dollar. Gold's international obligation. However, there have been several trend of gold buying several times in the 1960s. In order to safeguard their own interests, the United States first gave up the gold fixed official price, and then announced that it would no longer bear the obligation to exchange gold. Therefore Gold non -monetization reform. From the early 1970s, this reform was approved by the "International Monetary Fund Agreement" after 1978. It can be said that the gold non -monetization process at the institutional level has been completed.
Marx said: "Currency is naturally gold and silver, and gold and silver are naturally not currency." Just as before the golden standard system, gold is exerting the monetary function. It has completely lost the monetary function:
-Foreign trade settlement no longer use gold, but in the end of the balance of balance, gold is still a way to accept the two parties.
-Gold non -monetization does not specify the whereabouts of the huge gold reserves of various countries. Even the International Monetary Fund Organization of Golden Non -Monetary Banner also stipulates that 1/6 of the gold reserves are processed, and the large reserves have been retained. Some gold reserves obviously left a currency gold tail for themselves.
-The euro monetary system born in the late 1990s, clarifying that gold accounts for 15 % of the currency reserves of the system. This is the return of gold currency.
-Gold is still the fifth largest international settlement currency after the US dollar, euro, British pound, and yen that can be accepted internationally. The great economist Kanes revealed the secret of currency gold. He pointed out: "Gold plays an important role in our system. It is the last guard and the reserve when the emergency needs, and there is nothing else to replace it. "Gold can now be regarded as a quasi -currency.
Gold's commodity attributes
In gold jewelry (including jewelry, Buddha statues, architectural decoration, etc.) and gold utensils are the most basic use of gold. If there is any change, it is that the gold jewelry has moved from the court and the temple to the people, and from the privileges of the nobles of the officials to the public consumption. More than 80 % of the world's gold supply now is absorbed by the jewelry industry.
Due to the expensive price of gold and the relatively rare resources, the use of gold in industrial use is limited, and the proportion of industrial gold accounts for less than 10 % of the world's total demand. However, some experts believe that in the future, the use of gold for jewelry will tend to be stable, and the growth of industrial gold will be an important force to drive the changes in the structure of the gold supply and demand. Therefore, the use of gold's commodity needs to be developed from multiple aspects.
The current use of gold commodities is mainly the jewelry, electronics industry, dentist, gold chapter and other industrial gold. It should be acknowledged that the current use of gold is still very small, which is also the result of the strict control of the country as a currency metal for a long time. In the future, with the advancement of the reform of the international financial system; the return of the return of the product attributes of financial gold, and the expansion of the demand for gold commodity will be more important for the development of the gold industry. Golden culture and health. This is the beginning of the prevailing thoughts of fairy art in the Western Han Dynasty. It is expected that Chengxian and Yuhua ascending the sky to be the emperor to the generals, and the people of the civilians are extremely desired. In 133 BC, the alchemist Li Shaojun told Emperor Hanwu that he could make gold from Dan Sand, and made a cup plate with such gold -made gold. The use of gold and silverware can extend the theory of life, so that the production and use of gold wares are widely prevalent.
It gold and longevity have been inextricably linked. On the golden wares of the Han Dynasty, there are fairy feathers, strange birds and beasts, and inscriptions that directly express their desires, such as "Long Live", "Shou Rujin Stone West (commonly known as the mother and mother, the legendary god)". This trend of desire to become immortal has continued until Wei (220-265) Jin (265-420). Many gold wares unearthed have been confirmed, such as the alchemy golden stove in Shapo Village, Xi'an, and the golden needle and gold needle of the King Liu Sheng, Zhongshan, Zhongshan, Manchu, Hebei. Nostalgia. The unearthed many pieces of golden jade clothing expressed that they still fantasized that even if they were dead, they had a strong desire for one day. In the Tang Dynasty, Jin Dan was prevalent, which was in the same vein as Qin Han Qinqiu Xian's medicine. In the Tang Dynasty, the atmosphere of the Tang Dynasty was more intense. The equipment used in alchemy, generally alchemy family ceramics, and the emperor nobles mostly used luxurious golden utensils, such as unearthed in He'an Village, Xi'an In the golden ware, it was found that there was a golden medicine, which was warm for refining elixir.
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